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|Section2= |Section3= |Section7= |Section8= }} Ruthenium(III) chloride is the chemical compound with the formula RuCl3. "Ruthenium(III) chloride" more commonly refers to the hydrate RuCl3·''x''H2O. Both the anhydrous and hydrated species are dark brown or black solids. The hydrate, with a varying proportion of water of crystallization, often approximating to a trihydrate, is a commonly used starting material in ruthenium chemistry. ==Preparation and properties== Anhydrous ruthenium(III) chloride is usually prepared by heating powdered ruthenium metal with chlorine. In the original synthesis, the chlorination was conducted in the presence of carbon monoxide, the product being carried by the gas stream and crystallising upon cooling. Two allotropes of RuCl3 are known. The black α-form adopts the CrCl3-type structure with long Ru-Ru contacts of 346 pm. The dark brown metastable β-form crystallizes in a hexagonal cell; this form consists of infinite chains of face-sharing octahedra with Ru-Ru contacts of 283 pm, similar to the structure of zirconium trichloride. The β-form is irreversibly converted to the α-form at 450–600 °C.〔Fletcher, J.M.; Gardner, W. E.; Fox, A. C.; Topping, G. "X-ray, infrared, and magnetic studies of alpha- and beta-ruthenium trichloride" Journal of the Chemical Society A 1967, p1038-p1045. 〕 RuCl3 vapour decomposes into the elements at high temperatures ; the enthalpy change at 750 °C (1020 K), Δdiss''H''1020 has been estimated as +240 kJ/mol. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ruthenium(III) chloride」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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